Discuss distributive justice and procedural justice. Explain how Essay

Discuss distributive justice and procedural justice. Explain how managers can use these concepts - Essay Example he employees are dealt in an equal manner in terms of paying employees salaries without any biasness with other employees, the working hours of the employees, the basis of promotion, the rewards and bonuses offered to employees are all on an equal basis. No one employee is favored over another employee in this type of justice (Masterson et al, 750). Procedural justice in an organization means that the managers are making decisions in the firm on grounds of fair dealing. All legal, ethical, social and other issues are considered while the manager decides upon any certain organization issue. The employees are concerned about the reasons behind any decision (Bakshi, Kumar and Rani, 150). It is important for managers to demonstrate both distributive and procedural justice in organizations so that employees remain satisfied with the organization. Talented and skilled employees may leave the organization if they feel that they are being unfairly treated and also they may be unsatisfied with the organization’s decision making. Hence managers can use both these concepts of distributive justice and procedural justice in ensuring that they manage their workforce successfully. Satisfied employees tend to perform according to the goals and objectives of the organization. If employees know that they would be treated fairly and they know that the decisions made by the managers are on fair grounds then the level of motivation for employees in working hard boosts immensely. If managers are evaluating the performances of the employees on personal terms and then they are violating the standard regulations of the organization, and this way there is no justice prevailing in the organization. Employees may not be loyal to the firm. Managers need to design standard pay and policies of promotion and accordingly reward the employee on their performance. If a low performing employee has been given promotion then this may cause employees to be highly dissatisfied with the firm as the

Surma People and sociology Essay Example for Free

Surma People and sociology Essay Suri people have a cattle-centered culture, the wealth of a family is measured by the number of animals owned. Usually the animals are not eaten unless a big ceremony takes place. The animals are used for milk and blood which they both drink. Sometimes Suri warriors are preparing a mixture of cattle blood and milk for a ceremonial rite called cow bleeding. Suri women are seen as the dominant gender within the culture, and seem to rule the roost and have a lot of say in daily activities. Furthermore, they also wear lip plates ascending in size dependant on their role and how well known they are. For instance, the bigger the plate the more well known and affluential they are towards the culture. The girls lower lip is cut when she reaches the age 15 or 16, and then pierced by her mother or another woman of her settlement and a simple wooden plug is inserted. The cut is held open by the wooden plug until the wound heals. After that the plug is replaced by a bigger one. Nowadays the girls in some Surma settlements decide for themselves whether to wear a lip plate or not. However, wearing a lip plate is still an expression of social adulthood and self-esteem for a Suri woman and demonstrates respect for the men. The Suri tribe is used to conflict, like for example the constant conflict with the neighboring Nyangatom tribe over land and cattle. The Suri culture demands that the men are trained as warriors as well as cattle herders. Stick-fighting events take place to train boys and young men and also to allow them to meet women. As a result the Ethiopian government banned the stick fights, which now have to take place secretly and without presence of tourist In Tulgit and Kibish you find many children by the riverbank waiting for photos in the afternoon. The usage of flowers for decoration is a wonderful habit of the children. The kids decorate themselves with flowers, blossoms and green plants they can find everywhere around the villages. However, as nice as it looks, the decoration with the flowers is not an old tradition, you cannot see this kind of decoration in remote Suri villages. The kids, also the boys, are doing it for photos and for getting a little money. But anyway: it is beautiful and funny. Especially the boys are very creative, they climb any tree they find and make bizarre faces or funny poses just to attract the tourists for a photo They raise cattle and farm when the land is fertile. Cattle are important to the Suri, as it is a status. In order for a man to marry women in Surma (Suri ) tribe, he must own at least 60 cattle and Cattle are given to the family of the woman in exchange for marriage. Like the other Omo Valley tribes and Massia, the Surma will use the milk and blood from the cow. During the dry season, the people will drink blood instead of milk. Blood can be drained from a cow once a month. This is done by making a small incision in its neck . Their villages normally range in size from 40 to 1,000 people, but a few may reach 2,500 people. Village life is largely communal, sharing the produce of the cattle. Though their chiefs (styled komaro) may wear the fur crown of a pagan priest-king, they are merely the most respected elder in a village and they can be removed. Few Surma are familiar with Amharic, the official language of Ethiopia, and their literacy level is very low. In the words of G.P. Murdock: The family is a social group characterized by common residence, economic cooperation and reproduction. It contains adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship, and one or more children, own or adopted, of the sexually cohabiting adults. Comparing Murdocks nuclear family to the research I believe that the main things to consider is that there is no economic unit regarding husbands and wives, there is no sharing of the residence between husbands and wives, only the women within their supporting kinship groups lived with children and any relationship affection from the man was taboo and resister by the kinship group. To expand, the two main reasons as to why Murdocks theory is not correct is; 1) The nuclear family is not universal. A number of societies have very different domestic arrangements to those he describes. Take K Goughs research into the The Surma people. In terms of Murdocks definition, this society does not possess a family since fathers do not share a common residence. Matrifocal, female-headed families are also an exception, not to mention Gay families who do not conform to Murdocks definition because they do not contain adults of both sexes. 2) The family is not necessarily functional for all family members. Murdock ignores the dark side of the family; domestic abuse, violence and sexual abuse,

Theories Explaining Juvenile Crime Essay -- Youth Criminal

Theories Explaining Juvenile Crime Many theories, at both the macro and micro level, have been proposed to explain juvenile crime. Some prominent theories include Social Disorganization theory, Differential Social Organization theory, Social Control theory, and Differential Association theory. When determining which theories are more valid, the question must be explored whether people deviate because of what they learn or from how they are controlled? Mercer L. Sullivan’s book, â€Å"Getting Paid† Youth Crime and Work in the Inner City clearly suggests that the learning theories both at the macro level, Differential social organization, and micro level, Differential association theory, are the more accurate of the two types of theory. Two major sociological theories explain youth crime at the macro level. The first is Social Disorganization theory, created in 1969 by Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay. The theory resulted from a study of juvenile delinquency in Chicago using information from 1900 to 1940, which attempts to answer the question of how aspects of the structure of a community contribute to social control. The study found that a community that is unable to achieve common values has a high rate of delinquency. Shaw and McKay looked at the physical appearance of the neighborhoods, the average income of the population, the ethnicity of the neighborhood, the percent of renters versus owners, and how fast the population of the area changed. These factors all contribute to neighborhood delinquency. The text provides some evidence to support this theory in Table 14, †Index rankings of reported crimes in police incorporating the neighborhoods.† This chart shows Projectville ranked highest in every category except motor v... ...lton Park. For example, youths in Projectville were paid to burn down a building, while in Hamilton Park the juveniles were arrested for the same crime. In Projectville, even the police will buy stolen goods. The study discussed in the text clearly shows that crime in Hamilton Park is much lower than in either Projectville or La Barriada. The reasons for this are clearly explained by Sutherland’s two learning theories, his differential social organization theory and his differential association theory. The other theories, Shaw and McKay’s social disorganization and Hirschi’s social control theory, do have some merits, but do not apply as clearly to the neighborhoods in the study. Clearly, Sutherland’s theories of learned behavior and favorable and unfavorable definitions offer clear explanations for the crime in Projectville, La Barriada and Hamilton Park.

Lionel Andres Messi

Lionel Andres Messi, known as Messi, is an Argentine footballer who currently plays for FC Barcelona as a forward or a winger. Considered to be the finest player on Earth, Messi has received dozens of trophies and awards. Messi is the perfect attacking player, he was completely two-footed, a prolific finisher, exceptional at dribbling and passing, and was a remarkably good tackler for a forward. The Argentine superstar was born on the 24th June 1987 in Rosario, Argentina to Jorge Horacio Messi (born 1958), who was a factory worker and Celina Maria Cuccittini, who also works but as a part-time cleaner.Lionel Messi has three siblings, two of which older brothers named Rodrigo and Matias. The final, a sister named Maria Sol. At the age of five, Messi played for a team called Grandoli, coached by his father. At the age of 11, he was diagnosed with a growth deficiency. An Argentine club were interested in Messi’s ability, but didn’t have enough money to pay for his treatment . The director of FC Barcelona signed Messi after watching him play and was willing to pay for the treatment. Lionel Messi was offered a debut for FC Barcelona against Porto. And what a game!He was seventeen at that time and was the youngest ever player to score a goal in the La Liga. Within the next year, Messi found himself a first squad player and scored 16 goals in 26 matches. During the next five years, Messi became an international superstar scoring tens of goals. He made his debut for Argentina, when he was only 18 years old. Lionel Messi also won dozens of awards including: Champions League, Super Cup, Club World Cup, Player of the Year (several times), La Liga Player of the Year, Top Scorer (many times), Goal of the Year and many more awards.Messi also played in a few World Cups for Argentina. The final one in 2010, started well with a 4-0, 4-1, 1-0 and 2-0 to finish off the group stages. The last 16 round wasn’t a good match as it ended with a 4-0 defeat to Germany. In the season 2009-10, Messi was in great form, scoring 47 goals. He was the highest scoring player. 2010-11 came and his goal-scoring record continued. Scoring many goals, among other reasons, makes Lionel Messi the finest player of all time!!

Plato and Piety Essay

It seems that in the reading both Socrates and Euthyphro are both dealing with legal issues and they are discussing the differences and the similarities of their cases with one another. Socrates is a defendant in a suit accusing him of impiety which was brought against him by no other than Meletus who was not really in a position to bring suit against another but that’s another story all together. And then we look at Euthyphro who is a plaintiff in a murder action in which he brought against his own father. It seems that Socrates being of sound mind thought he should lend his ear to this young man who was very knowledgeable to help him come to the conclusion of what his crime truly was. He felt that he should be perfectly informed about the differences between piety and impiety before being tried for what he was not sure was a binding action against him. The first definition that Euthyphro gives is that piety is what is dear to the gods and impiety is what is not dear them. Socrates states that even if this was the fact could this really be a form of piety when discussing the case brought against Euthypro’s father he said looking at the evidence at hand could his father really be deemed a murder because he didn’t show piety. And then he asked the question what do you deem to be justice because what is justice for one could be ones punishment in another’s eyes. The second definition Piety is what is loved by the gods a redefined distinction between state and the act corresponding respectively to the adjective and the participle. Which Socrates states that piety and holiness is preceded by the act of being pious, not by the act of love. The third and final definition is that Piety is a form of justice. Socrates has during this time placed religion on a moral foundation. He is trying to find the balance between that of religion and morality which should be universal with all men in his eyes. I feel that Socrates was on to something we as humans depending on what we are raised to believe can find ourselves on either side of the argument. In the case of Travian Martin it seems that some toke piety on the death of the child and other deemed that it was not that much of a loss. I believe that if there is loss of life for any reason other than natural cases it is sad and should not of taken place. Do I think the man who shot this child is a murder yes, the police had told this gentlemen not to follow this young man and he toke the law in his own hands and shot an unarmed child. In the case of Euthyphro’s father I would not deem it a murder yes, it was a piety that the man died but it was not a crime. I truly believe that impiety is knowing how it would feel to be another man shoes and taking piety on him because it could very well be you in the same state. My definition of piety is looking at one and feeling sorrow for the persons state of being and then taking action. Next would be my definition of holiness to me it would be a person who lives above reproach in all things. In the world we leave in today there are those who take piety on the less fortune and those who turn their backs on them; in my book those who turn a blind eye are no better and should be made to feel the hardship that is very real in peoples everyday lives. Socrates was a great man who used logic and understanding to bring Euthyphro to a place of understanding through the knowledge that this young man already had but because he was blind by the things he was taught he was not truly being fair to his father in the case of murder that he brought against him. I feel that we do the same thing in life today we judge people by what we deem to be moral with seeing the bigger picture and weighing out all the things that could be a n influence in what is truly going on in the world around us. In my conclusion I think that before we come to the conclusion of what might be a sin we might want to take a look at all the things that make up the situation and listen to every side of the story because we deem as right could be wrong to another. Reference Page: Mosser, K (2010) Philosophy: A concise introduction†¦ Bridgepoint Education INC Plato : Euthyphro http://www. gutenburg. org.